"accident"
in relation to a vessel, includes—
| (a) | the collapse or overturning of any lift, crane, davit, derrick, mobile powered access platform, access equipment, staging or bosun's chair or the failure of any load-bearing part thereof; |
| (b) | the explosion, collapse or bursting of any closed container, including a boiler or boiler tube, in which there is any gas (including air), liquid or any vapour at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure; |
| (c) | any electrical short circuit or overload resulting in fire or explosion; |
| (d) | the sudden, uncontrolled release of flammable liquid or gas from any system, plant or pipeline; |
| (e) | the uncontrolled release or escape of any harmful substance; |
| (f) | either of the following occurrences in respect of any pipeline, valve or any piping system in a vessel— |
| (i) | the bursting, explosion or collapse of a pipeline; |
| (ii) | the accidental ignition of anything in a pipeline or of anything which, immediately before it ignited, was in a pipeline; |
| (g) | any contact of the human body with loose asbestos fibre; |
| (h) | the failure of any lashing-wire, chain or appliance; |
| (i) | any collapse or significant movement of cargo; |
| (j) | the malfunctioning of any hatch cover, hatch cover control wire or other mechanism; |
| (k) | any person falling overboard; |
| (l) | the parting of a tow-rope; |
| (m) | the failure of bilge-pumping arrangements or life-saving or fire-fighting equipment to operate; |
[Definition inserted by section 1(a) of Act No. 18 of 1992]