Notices > List of Activities which result in atmospheric emissions which have or may have a significant deterimental effect on the environment, including health, social conditions, economic conditions, ecological conditions or cultural heritage > Part 3 : Minimum Emission Standards > Category 2: Petroleum Industry, the production of gaseous and liquid fuels as well as petrochemicals from crude oil, coal, gas or biomass

Category 2: Petroleum Industry, the production of gaseous and liquid fuels as well as petrochemicals from crude oil, gas or biomass

(1)	Subcategory 2.1: Combustion Installations

Description:	Combustion installations including furnaces; heaters; and boilers with a design capacity equal to or greater than 50 MW heat input.
Application:	All refinery furnaces; heaters; and boilers with a design capacity equal to or greater than 50 MW heat input.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 10%O2, 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	70
		Existing	120
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	400
		Existing	1700
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	1000
		Existing	1700

[Category 2(1)(2.1) substituted by section 3(a) of Notice No. 551, GG38863, dated 12 June 2015]

(a)	The following special arrangement shall apply—

(i)	No continuous flaring of hydrogen sulphide-rich gases shall be allowed.

(ii)	A bubble cap of all Combustion Insallations and Catalytic Cracking Units shall be at 1.2 Kg SO2/ton for existing plants.

(iii)

A bubble cap of all Combustion Insallations and Catalytic Cracking Units shall be at 0.4 Kg SO2/ton for new plants.

(2)	Subcategory 2.2: Catalytic Cracking Units

Description:	Refinery catalytic cracking units.
Application:	All installations
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 10%O2, 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	100
		Existing	120
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	400
		Existing	550
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	1500
		Existing	3000

(a)	The following special arrangement shall apply—

(i)	A bubble cap of all Combustion Insallations and Catalytic Cracking Units shall be at 1.2 Kg SO2/ton for existing plants.

(ii)	A bubble cap of all Combustion Insallations and Catalytic Cracking Units shall be at 0.4 Kg SO2/ton for new plants.

(3)	Subcategory 2.3: Sulphur Recovery Units

Description:	Sulphur Recovery Units
Application:	All installations
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 10%O2, 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Hydrogen Sulphide	H2S		a
			a

(a)	The following special arrangement shall apply—

Sulphur recovery units should achieve 95% recovery efficiency and availability of 99%.

(4)	Subcategory 2.4: Storage and Handling of Petroleum Products

Description:	Petroleum products storage tanks and product transfer facilities
Application:	All permanent immobile liquid storage tanks larger than 1000 cubic meters cumulative tankage capacity at a site.

(a)	The following transitional arrangement shall apply for the storage and handling of raw materials, intermediate and final products with a vapour pressure greater than 14kPa at operating temperature:—

Leak detection and repair (LDAR) program approved by licensing authority must be instituted.

(b)	The following special arrangements shall apply for control of Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs) from storage of raw materials, intermediate and final products, except during loading and offloading. (Alternative control measures that can achieve the same or better results may be used)—

(i)	Storage vessels for liquids shall be of the following type:

True vapour pressure of contents at product storage temperature	Type of tank or vessel
Application	All permanent immobile liquid storage facilities at a single site with a combined storage capacity of greater than 1000 cubic meters.
True vapour pressure of contents at product storage temperature	Type of tank or vessel
Type 1: Up to 14 kPa	Fixed-roof tank vented to atmosphere, or as per Type 2 and 3
Type 2: Above 14 kPa and up to 91 kPa with athroughput of less than 50'000 m3 per annum	Fixed-roof tank with Pressure Vacuum Vents fitted as a minimum, to prevent "breathing" losses, or as per Type 3
Type 3: Above 14 kPa and up to 91 kPa with athroughput greater than 50'000 m3 per annum	(a) External floating-roof tank with primary rim seal and secondary rim seal for tank with a diameter greater than 20m, or (b) fixed roof-tank with internal floating deck /roof fitted with primary seal, or (c) fixed roof-tank with vapour recovery system.
Type 4: Above 91 kPa	Pressure vessel

(ii)	The roof legs, slotted pipes and/or dipping well on floating roof tanks (except for domed floating roof tanks or internal floating roof tanks) shall have sleeves fitted to minimise emissions.

(iii)

Relief valves on pressurised storage should undergo periodic checks for internal leaks. This can be carried out using portable acoustic monitors or if venting to atmosphere with an accessible open end, tested with a hydrocarbon analyser as part of an LDAR programme.

(c)

The following special arrangements shall apply for control of TVOCs from the loading and unloading (excluding ships) of raw materials, intermediate and final products with a vapour pressure of greater than 14kPa at handling temperature. Alternative control measures that can achieve the same or better results may be used:

(i)	All installations with a throughput of greater than 50'000 m3 per annum of products with a vapour pressure greater than 14 kPa, must be fitted with vapour recovery I destruction units. Emission limits are set out in the table below—

Description:	Vapour Recovery Units
Application:	All loading/offloading facilities with a throughput greater than 50 000 m3
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Total volatile organic compounds from vapour recovery/destruction units using thermal treatment.	N/A	New	150
		Existing	150
Total volatile organic compounds from vapour recovery/destruction units using non-thermal treatment.	N/A	New	40 000
		Existing	40 000

(ii)

For road tanker and rail car loading/offloading facilities where the throughput is less than 50'000 m3 per annum, and where ambient air quality is, or is likely to be impacted, all liquid products shall be loaded using bottom loading, or equivalent, with the venting pipe connected to a vapour balancing system. Where vapour balancing and/or bottom loading is not possible, a recovery system utilizing adsorption, absorption, condensation or incineration of the remaining VOC's, with a collection efficiency of at least 95%, shall be fitted

[Category 2(4)(2.4) substituted by section 7 of Notice No. 1207, GG42013, dated 31 October 2018]

(5)	Subcategory 2.5: Industrial Fuel Oil Recyclers

Description:	Installations used to recycle or recover oil from waste oils.
Application:	Industrial fuel oil recyclers with a throughput > 5000 ton/month.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol	Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Carbon monoxide	CO	New	130
Carbon monoxide	CO	Existing	250
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	500
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	Existing	3500
Total volatile organic components from vapour recovery/ destruction units.	N/A	New	40
	N/A	Existing	90

(a)	The following, transitional arrangement shall apply for the storage and handling of raw materials, intermediate and final products with a vapour pressure greater than 14kPa at operating temperature:—

Leak detection and repair (LDAR) program approved by licensing authority to be instituted, by 01 January 2014.

(b)

The following special arrangements shall apply for control of TVOCs from storage of raw materials, intermediate and final products with a vapour pressure of up to 14kPa at operating temperature, except during loading and offloading. (Alternative control measures that can achieve the same or better results may be used)—

(i)	Storage vessels for liquids shall be of the following type:

Application	All permanent immobile liquid storage facilities at a single site with a combined storage capacity of greater than 1000 cubic meters.
True vapour pressure of contents at product storage temperature	Type of tank or vessel
Type 1: Up to 14 kPa	Fixed-roof tank vented to atmosphere, or as per Type 2 and 3
Type 2: Above 14 kPa and up to 91 kPa with a throughput of less than 50'000 m3 per annum	Fixed-roof tank with Pressure Vacuum Vents fitted as a minimum, to prevent "breathing" losses, or as per Type 3
Type 3: Above 14 kPa and up to 91 kPa with a throughput greater than 50'000 m3 per annum	(d) External floating-roof tank with primary rim seal and secondary rim seal for tank with a diameter greater than 20m, or (e) fixed roof-tank with internal floating deck /roof fitted with primary seal, or (f) fixed roof-tank with vapour recovery system.
Type 4: Above 91 kPa	Pressure vessel

(ii)	The roof legs, slotted pipes and/or dipping well on floating roof tanks (except for domed floating roof tanks or internal floating roof tanks) shall have sleeves fitted to minimise emissions.

(iii)

(c)

(i)	All installations with a throughput of greater than 50'000 m3 per annum of products with a vapour pressure greater than 14 kPa, must be fitted with vapour recovery I destruction units.

(ii)

National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act, 2004 (Act No. 39 of 2004)

Notices

List of Activities which result in atmospheric emissions which have or may have a significant deterimental effect on the environment, including health, social conditions, economic conditions, ecological conditions or cultural heritage

Category 2: Petroleum Industry, the production of gaseous and liquid fuels as well as petrochemicals from crude oil, coal, gas or biomass